A pineal tumor is a tumor of the pineal gland in your brain. This gland secretes a substance called melatonin that affects your sleep-wake cycles. These are very rare tumors. They happen most often to children and adults younger than 40.

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a slow-growing type of brain tumor. These tumors are often benign or noncancerous. This means that the growth doesn't spread to other parts of the body.

Periodic paralysis (PP) is a rare genetic disorder. It causes sudden attacks of short-term muscle weakness, stiffness, or paralysis. These attacks may affect the whole body or just one or two limbs.

Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a rare genetic condition. It causes weakness in the muscles around the upper eyelids and part of the throat called the pharynx. The condition may harm vision and cause problems swallowing and talking.

Vasovagal syncope is a condition that leads to fainting in some people. It's the most common cause of fainting and is usually thought of as benign.

A "turf toe" is a sprain of the largest joint of your big toe. It happens when your toe forcibly bends upwards, such as when you push off into a sprint.

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a variety of symptoms that happen from a narrowing of your thoracic outlet—the space between your collarbone and your first rib. It can result from injury, disease, or a problem you had from birth.

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when your breathing stops briefly during sleep. This can occur when something is blocking your airway. The stopped breathing can occur many times a night causing snoring, and daytime fatigue.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a type of heart condition. It causes sudden chest pain. The symptoms of TCM can look like a heart attack.

Takayasu's arteritis is an autoimmune disease. It causes inflammation of the large arteries. It's a rare disease that's most common in women and people of Asian descent.