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During the development of a fetus, the testicles (male sex organs) form near the kidneys. Normally, they’re in the scrotum before the baby is born. An undescended testicle doesn’t fully move down into the scrotum.

Your child may be having surgery to take out the tonsils or adenoids. If needed, the tonsils and adenoids can be taken out during the same surgery. The two procedures are described here.

If your child's testicle doesn't descend on its own, it should be treated to prevent future problems. Surgery is done to bring an undescended testicle into the normal position within the scrotum. Learn more about why surgery is needed and what you can expect when your child has it done.

Esophageal manometry is a test to measure the strength and function of the esophagus. Here's what you can expect when having the test.

Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows your health care provider to see inside your uterus. Diagnostic hysteroscopy can help find the causes of problems in the uterus.

A helpful diagram of the different parts of the lung.

A cyst is often a fluid-filled sac, like a small water balloon. Cysts are almost always harmless, and many go away on their own. Here are details about different types of cysts.

Pelvic organ prolapse is when 1 or more of the pelvic organs slip from their normal positions. Normally, muscles and tissues in the pelvic region support the pelvic organs and hold them in place.

Cystocele is when the bladder sags into the vagina. The goal of surgery is to repair the problem and relieve symptoms.