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The liver makes a substance called bile. It helps with digestion of food and helps carry waste out of the liver. Bile drains out of the liver through tubes called bile ducts. It drains through these ducts into the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). If a child has biliary atresia, it means that some or all bile ducts aren't formed correctly, are damaged, or are missing. As a result, bile can't drain from the liver as it should.

Anaphylaxis is the most severe type of allergic reaction. It may happen from a few minutes to an hour or 2 after contact with an allergen. Anaphylaxis can cause the airways to swell, making it hard to breathe.

A detailed look at nasal allergies, and what to do when they affect your child.

Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) is a problem with the frenulum, the thin strip of tissue under the tongue. It connects from the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Some children are born with a frenulum that is too short and tight. This can cause problems with speech and eating.

Trabeculectomy is a type of eye surgery done in the front part of the eye. It’s done to treat glaucoma by draining some fluid from the eye. This helps to lower pressure inside the eye.

An uncircumcised penis still has the foreskin attached. Caring for your newborn's penis is fairly easy. Here are things to keep in mind.

Urethritis occurs when the urethra is red and swollen (inflamed). This is the tube that passes urine from the bladder to outside the body. The urethra can become swollen and cause burning pain when you urinate, pain with sex, and other symptoms.

The tonsils are 2 small masses of tissue at the back of the throat. They are part of the body's immune system, which helps the body fight disease. In some people, the tonsils become infected or enlarged. This can cause severe sore throats, snoring, or other problems. Tonsillectomy is surgery to remove the tonsils.

If you have a loved one with a traumatic brain injury, it is important to learn as much as you can about the condition so you can take an active role in caregiving.