Mastectomy is surgery to remove the breast. The most commonly done mastectomies are called simple and modified radical. During these procedures, the chest muscle is not removed. As a result, arm strength remains. Keeping the chest muscle also makes reconstruction easier.

Your urinary tract helps to get rid of your body's liquid waste. Here's a look at how it works, along with a diagram.

A diagram and explanation of the main parts of the male reproductive anatomy.

Lung cancer causes some cells in the lungs to grow out of control. These cells are called cancer cells. Cancer cells can spread to other areas in the lungs. Or, they can travel to other parts of the body.

Surgery is often done to get a closer look at the inside of the lungs and to help treat lung problems.

Surgery can be done to both diagnose and treat lung cancer. In most cases, surgery is used if the cancer is found in an early stage. You will need to prepare. Work with your healthcare provider to learn more about what to expect before, during, and after surgery.

A helpful diagram of the different parts of the lung.

Lumpectomy is surgery to remove cancer. It's a breast-conserving surgery, which means your breast remains intact. If you're having a lumpectomy, you'll probably also have radiation therapy.

Peripheral angiography is a test that uses X-ray and contrast dye to map the blood vessels (arteries) in your lower body, legs, and arms. This can show where blood flow may be blocked.

Carotid angiography is a type of X-ray test used to view the carotid arteries. Read on to learn details about the test.